Erik Skare

7. Road to October 7

  1. B'Tselem, Human Rights in the Occupied Territories: Annual Report 2007 (Jerusalem: B'Tselem, 2008), 46; United Nations, 'Human Rights Council Hears That 700,000 Israeli Settlers Are Living Illegally in the Occupied West Bank', press release, March 28, 2023.
  2. See, for example, Nicolas Pelham and Max Rodenbeck, 'Which Way for Hamas?', New York Review of Books, November 5, 2009; Adnan Abu Amer, 'Former Hamas Official Speaks Out', al-Monitor, May 20, 2015; Sara Roy, Hamas and Civil Society in Gaza: Engaging the Islamic Social Sector (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 2011), 88; Gianluca Pacchiani, 'As IDF Advances in Gaza, Hamas Chief Haniyeh Claims to Seek "Political Negotiations" ', Times of Israel, November 2, 2023.
  3. Norman G. Finkelstein, Gaza: An Inquest into Its Martyrdom (Oakland: University of California Press, 2018), xi.
  4. Are Hovdenak, 'Hamas in Transition: The Failure of Sanctions', Democratization 16, no. 1 (2010): 60.
  5. Erik Skare, 'Staying Safe by Being Good? The EU's Normative Decline as a Security Actor in the Middle East', European Journal of International Security 8, no. 3 (2023): 338.
  6. Hovdenak, 'Hamas in Transition', 75.
  7. Khaled Hroub, 'A Newer Hamas? The Revised Charter', Journal of Palestine Studies 46, no. 4 (2017): 106.
  8. Leila Seurat, 'Hamas's Goal in Gaza', Foreign Affairs, December 11, 2023.
  9. Ibid., 100.
  10. Gilles Paris and Hélène Sallon, 'How Hamas Became the Leader of the Palestinian National Movement', Le Monde, November 26, 2023; Loveday Morris and Hazem Balousha, 'Israelis Kill More Than 50 Palestinians in Gaza Protests, Health Officials Say', Washington Post, May 14, 2018; Human Rights Council, 'Report of the Independent International Commission of Inquiry on the Protests in the Occupied Palestinian Territory', United Nations, February 28, 2018, ohchr.org.
  11. Tareq Baconi, Hamas Contained: The Rise and Pacification of Palestinian Resistance (Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press, 2018), 161, 234.